What do you understand by the phenomenon South Atlantic Anomaly? Explain its mechanism with respect to Van der Allen radiation belt. Because of this asymmetry, the inner Van Allen belt is closest to the Earth's surface over the south Atlantic Ocean where it dips down to 200 km (120 mi) in altitude, and farthest from the Earth's surface over the north Pacific Ocean.The intersection between the magnetic and rotation axes of the Earth is located not at the Earth's center, but some 450 to 500 km (280 to 310 mi) away.The Van Allen radiation belts are symmetric about the Earth's magnetic axis, which is tilted with respect to the Earth's rotational axis by an angle of approximately 11°.Apollo Astronauts going through the Van Allen Belts received a very low and non-harmful dose of radiation.In 2013, the Van Allen Probesdetected a transient, third radiation belt, which persisted for four weeks.The belts endanger satellites, which must have their sensitive components protected with adequate shielding if they spend significant time near that zone.Other nuclei, such as alpha particles, are less prevalent.The belts trap energetic electronsand protons. The belts are in the inner region of Earth's magnetic field.By trapping the solar wind, the magnetic field deflects those energetic particles and protects the atmospherefrom destruction.Most of the particles that form the belts are thought to come from solar wind and other particles by cosmic rays.Earth's two main belts extend from an altitudeof about 640 to 58,000 km above the surface, in which region radiation levels vary.The belts are named after James Van Allen, who is credited with their discovery. ![]() Earthhas two such belts, and sometimes others may be temporarily created.A Van Allen radiation beltis a zone of energetic charged particles, most of which originate from the solar wind, that are captured by and held around a planet by that planet's magnetosphere.However, the field itself varies in intensity as a gradient. The area of the SAA is confined by the intensity of Earth's magnetic field at less than 32,000 nanotesla at sea level, which corresponds to the dipolar magnetic field at ionospheric altitudes.In turn, this anomaly also causes technical disturbances in satellites and spacecraft orbiting Earth.This anomaly exists because the Earth's inner Van Allen radiation beltcomes closest to the planet’s surface, causing an increased flux of energetic particles.Because the magnetic field is weaker, the Van Allen Belt dips down to its lowest. In that spot, the magnetic field is weaker than it is anywhere else on Earth. It turns out that the South Atlantic Anomaly is basically a dimple in the Earth’s magnetic field. The South Atlantic Anomalyis a weak spot in Earth's magnetic field, which protects the planet from high doses of solar wind and cosmic radiation. This is why the magnetic north and south poles are constantly changing every year.This vast, developing phenomenon, called the South Atlantic Anomaly, has intrigued and concerned scientists for years.NASA is actively monitoring a strange anomaly in Earth's magnetic field: a giant region of lower magnetic intensity in the skies above the planet, stretching out between South America and southwest Africa.
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